What version of Umbraco are you using? And by "custom extension" do you mean a backoffice component like a property editor or dashboard, or something for the front-end? If this is for a backoffice component, and if you are using a version between v9 and v13, you likely just need to hard refresh your browser (ctrl-f5). Also, ensure that your js changes are getting deployed to the correct location when you build your project. If you are using a version < v9, you might need to manually change the "version" number in the /config/ClientDependency.config. This shouldn't strictly be necessary, but I have found that it often was when backoffice changes weren't getting picked up correctly by Umbraco, due to the backoffice caching the JS, html, and css.